ABSTRACT
The health care arena is rapidly evolving and incorporating novel technologies to drive clinical decision support and streamlining uncontrollable costs. Over the next decade, the architecture of health care will require exponential growth and adaption to meet the precision, economic, and outcome based demands of the twenty-first century. These transformative efforts will be heavily driven by both innovative analytics and clinical measurements, which will vastly improve efficacy of current and future interventions for population health. In the past 50 years, we have witnessed an explosive growth in the maturation of clinical technologies to quantitatively measure diverse biomolecules. During this time, there has been an expansion of informative markers for various disease states, including metabolic, oncologic, neurological, cardiovascular, inflammatory, and endocrine disorders (Quinones and Kaddurah-Daouk 2009; Galazis et al. 2012; Martins-de-Souza and Farias 2015; Teixeira et al. 2015; Patel and Ahmed 2015). These clinical assays have evolved from a handful of markers (e.g., high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C, LDL-C], creatine, blood urea nitrogen [BUN]) that represent various risk factors to panels of high throughput assays for routine screening. However, the multiplicity of factors that drive human health span far beyond a routine clinical test menu.
