ABSTRACT
Biomedical photonics is currently one of the fastest growing fields, connecting research in physics, optics, and electrical engineering coupled with medical and biological applications. It allows for the structural and functional analysis of tissues and cells with resolution and contrast unattainable by any other methods.
However, the major challenges of many biophotonics techniques are associated with the need to enhance imaging resolution even further to the sub-cellular level as well as translate them for in vivo studies. The tissue optical clearing method uses immersion of tissues into optical clearing agents (OCAs) that reduces the scattering of tissue and makes tissue more transparent and this method has been successfully used ever since.
This book is a self-contained introduction to tissue optical clearing, including the basic principles and in vitro biological applications, from in vitro to in vivo tissue optical clearing methods, and combination of tissue optical clearing and various optical imaging for diagnosis. The chapters cover a wide range of issues related to the field of tissue optical clearing: mechanisms of tissue optical clearing in vitro and in vivo; traditional and innovative optical clearing agents; recent achievements in optical clearing of different tissues (including pathological tissues) and blood for optical imaging diagnosis and therapy.
This book provides a comprehensive account of the latest research and possibilities of utilising optical clearing as an instrument for improving the diagnostic effectiveness of modern optical diagnostic methods.
The book is addressed to biophysicist researchers, graduate students and postdocs of biomedical specialties, as well as biomedical engineers and physicians interested in the development and application of optical methods in medicine.
Key features:
- The first collective reference to collate all known knowledge on this topic
- Edited by experts in the field with chapter contributions from subject area specialists
- Brings together the two main approaches in immersion optical clearing into one cohesive book
Preface............................................................................................................................................................................................. ix
Acknowledgments..........................................................................................................................................................................xiii
Editors............................................................................................................................................................................................. xv
Contributors..................................................................................................................................................................................xvii
Part I Basic principles of tissue optical clearing
1. Tissue optical clearing mechanisms...................................................................................................................................... 3
Tingting Yu, Dan Zhu, Luís Oliveira, Elina A. Genina, Alexey N. Bashkatov, and Valery V. Tuchin
2. Tissue optical clearing for Mueller matrix microscopy.................................................................................................... 31
Nan Zeng, Honghui He, Valery V. Tuchin, and Hui Ma
3. Traditional and innovative optical clearing agents........................................................................................................... 67
Elina A. Genina, Vadim D. Genin, Jingtan Zhu, Alexey N. Bashkatov, Dan Zhu, and Valery V. Tuchin
4. Chemical enhancers for improving tissue optical clearing efficacy................................................................................. 93
Dan Zhu, Yanmei Liang, Xingde Li, and Valery V. Tuchin
5. Human skin autofluorescence and optical clearing......................................................................................................... 109
Walter Blondel, Marine Amouroux, Sergey M. Zaytsev, Elina A. Genina, Victor Colas, Christian Daul,
Alexander B. Pravdin, and Valery V. Tuchin
6. Molecular modeling of post-diffusion phase of optical clearing of biological tissues.................................................. 127
Kirill V. Berezin, Konstantin N. Dvoretskiy, Maria L. Chernavina, Anatoly M. Likhter, and Valery V. Tuchin
7. Refractive index measurements of tissue and blood components and OCAs in a wide spectral range......................141
Ekaterina N. Lazareva, Luís Oliveira, Irina Yu. Yanina, Nikita V. Chernomyrdin, Guzel R. Musina,
Daria K. Tuchina, Alexey N. Bashkatov, Kirill I. Zaytsev, and Valery V. Tuchin
8. Water migration at skin optical clearing...........................................................................................................................167
Anton Yu. Sdobnov, Johannes Schleusener, Jürgen Lademann, Valery V. Tuchin, and Maxim E. Darvin
9. Optical and mechanical properties of cartilage during optical clearing...................................................................... 185
Yulia M. Alexandrovskaya, Olga I. Baum, Vladimir Yu. Zaitsev, Alexander A. Sovetsky, Alexander L. Matveyev,
Lev A. Matveev, Kirill V. Larin, Emil N. Sobol, and Valery V. Tuchin
10. Compression optical clearing............................................................................................................................................. 199
Olga A. Zyuryukina and Yury P. Sinichkin
Part II Tissue optical clearing method for biology (3D imaging)
11. Optical clearing for multiscale tissues and the quantitative evaluation of clearing methods in mouse organs..............221
Tingting Yu, Jianyi Xu, and Dan Zhu
12. Ultrafast aqueous clearing methods for 3D imaging....................................................................................................... 239
Tingting Yu, Jingtan Zhu, and Dan Zhu
13. Challenges and opportunities in hydrophilic tissue clearing methods.......................................................................... 257
Etsuo A. Susaki and Hiroki R. Ueda
14. Combination of tissue optical clearing and 3D fluorescence microscopy for high-throughput imaging
of entire organs and organisms ......................................................................................................................................... 277
Peng Fei and Chunyu Fang
15. Endogenous fluorescence preservation from solvent-based optical clearing................................................................ 297
Tingting Yu, Yisong Qi, and Dan Zhu
16. Progress in ex situ tissue optical clearing – shifting immuno-oncology to the third dimension..................................315
Paweł Matryba, Leszek Kaczmarek, and Jakub Gołąb
Part III Towards in vivo tissue optical clearing
17. In vivo skin optical clearing methods for blood flow and cell imaging.......................................................................... 333
Dongyu Li, Wei Feng, Rui Shi, and Dan Zhu
18. In vivo skull optical clearing for imaging cortical neuron and vascular structure and function................................351
Dongyu Li, Yanjie Zhao, Chao Zhang, and Dan Zhu
19. In vivo skin optical clearing in humans............................................................................................................................. 369
Elina A. Genina, Alexey N. Bashkatov, Vladimir P. Zharov, and Valery V. Tuchin
20. Optical clearing of blood and tissues using blood components...................................................................................... 383
Olga S. Zhernovaya, Elina A. Genina, Valery V. Tuchin, and Alexey N. Bashkatov
21. Blood and lymph flow imaging at optical clearing........................................................................................................... 393
Polina A. Dyachenko (Timoshina), Arkady S. Abdurashitov, Oxana V. Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya,
and Valery V. Tuchin
Part IV Combination of tissue optical clearing and optical
imaging/spectroscopy for diagnostics
22. Optical clearing aided photoacoustic imaging in vivo......................................................................................................411
Yong Zhou and Lihong V. Wang
23. Enhancement of contrast in photoacoustic – fluorescence tomography and cytometry using
optical clearing and contrast agents...................................................................................................................................419
Julijana Cvjetinovic, Daniil V. Nozdriukhin, Maksim Mokrousov, Alexander Novikov, Marina V. Novoselova,
Valery V. Tuchin, and Dmitry A. Gorin
24. Tissue optical clearing in the terahertz range.................................................................................................................. 445
Olga A. Smolyanskaya, Kirill I. Zaytsev, Irina N. Dolganova, Guzel R. Musina, Daria K. Tuchina,
Maxim M. Nazarov, Alexander P. Shkurinov, and Valery V. Tuchin
25. Magnetic resonance imaging study of diamagnetic and paramagnetic agents for optical clearing
of tumor-specific fluorescent signal in vivo....................................................................................................................... 459
Alexei A. Bogdanov Jr., Natalia I. Kazachkina, Victoria V. Zherdeva, Irina G. Meerovich, Daria K. Tuchina,
Ilya D. Solovyev, Alexander P. Savitsky, and Valery V. Tuchin
26. Use of optical clearing and index matching agents to enhance the imaging of caries, lesions,
and internal structures in teeth using optical coherence tomography and SWIR imaging........................................ 471
Daniel Fried
27. Optical clearing of adipose tissue...................................................................................................................................... 487
Irina Yu. Yanina, Yohei Tanikawa, Daria K. Tuchina, Polina A. Dyachenko (Timoshina), Yasunobu Iga,
Shinichi Takimoto, Elina A. Genina, Alexey N. Bashkatov, Georgy S. Terentyuk, Nikita A. Navolokin,
Alla B. Bucharskaya, Galina N. Maslyakova, and Valery V. Tuchin
28. Diabetes mellitus-induced alterations of tissue optical properties, optical clearing efficiency,
and molecular diffusivity.....................................................................................................................................................517
Daria K. Tuchina and Valery V. Tuchin
29. Tissue optical clearing for in vivo detection and imaging diabetes induced changes in cells,
vascular structure, and function....................................................................................................................................... 539
Dongyu Li, Wei Feng, Rui Shi, Valery V. Tuchin, and Dan Zhu
30. Light operation on cortex through optical clearing skull window................................................................................. 557
Dongyu Li, Chao Zhang, Oxana Glushkovskaya, Yanjie Zhao, and Dan Zhu
31. The role of optical clearing to enhance the applications of in vivo OCT and photodynamic therapy:
Towards PDT of pigmented melanomas and beyond...................................................................................................... 569
Layla Pires, Michelle Barreto Requena, Valentin Demidov, Ana Gabriela Salvio,
I. Alex Vitkin, Brian C. Wilson, and Cristina Kurachi
32. Combination of tissue optical clearing and OCT for tumor diagnosis via permeability
coefficient measurements.................................................................................................................................................... 577
Qingliang Zhao
33. Optical clearing for cancer diagnostics and monitoring................................................................................................. 597
Luís M. Oliveira and Valery V. Tuchin
34. Contrast enhancement and tissue differentiation in optical coherence tomography
with mechanical compression............................................................................................................................................ 607
Pavel D. Agrba and Mikhail Yu. Kirillin
35. Measurement of the dermal beta-carotene in the context of multimodal optical clearing..........................................619
Mohammad Ali Ansari and Valery V. Tuchin
36. Optical clearing and molecular diffusivity of hard and soft oral tissues...................................................................... 629
Alexey A. Selifonov and Valery V. Tuchin
37. Optical clearing and Raman spectroscopy: In vivo applications................................................................................... 647
Qingyu Lin, Ekaterina N. Lazareva, Vyacheslav I. Kochubey, Yixiang Duan, and Valery V. Tuchin
Index............................................................................................................................................................................................. 655
