Abstract

Much of the Indian population is primarily dependent, directly or indirectly, on agricultural products, for grains, cereals, vegetables, hotels and restaurants, catering businesses, the packed food industry, etc. Almost one-sixth of India's gross domestic product is because of agricultural products, and thus, it provides a livelihood to a large population. About 60% of the total land area available in India is used for this purpose. Because of the green revolution, India is able to support its huge population and also export a variety of cereal, pulses, and vegetables. But this also poses an issue because the rice crop is grown over a large area. The rice crop poses two problems. First of all, it requires a lot of water supply to grow and sustain the rice crop. Second, rice stubble burning by farmers is a severe problem, causing a lot of environmental, health, political, and socio-economic issues. This research work concentrates on discussing the various causes and effects of burning paddy straw and also the alternate options of using paddy straw or rice husk to make useful products or use it as an alternate fuel source.