Abstract

Environmental emissions and energy shortages are quickly becoming significant issues in urban society. Water pollution is described as a substantial factor in the disintegration of the environment in recent years (Hao et al., 2018, and Sadiq et al., 2018a). Advanced oxidation processes are seen as high potential technologies for protecting the environment. Among the numerous advanced oxidation processes, photocatalytic technology has earned an excessive treaty of attention in water treatment due to its simple technical specifications, low-cost catalysts, and the successful elimination of environmental contaminants (Pu et al., 2017, and Sadiq et al., 2017a).