ABSTRACT
This chapter provides an introduction to the application of X-ray radiography and computed tomography in the analysis of archaeological finds and works of art. These powerful non-destructive techniques are capable of providing morphological and physical information on the inner structure of the objects studied; therefore, they are applied increasingly more frequently to Cultural Heritage assets, not only for conservation and restoration purposes, but also to increase the knowledge on the construction technique of a specific artefact or work of art. In fact, together with a variety of other scientific investigations, radiography and computed tomography can help answer the following main questions concerning the composition, dating, provenance, art technology, and conservation of an ancient object:
What material is it made of?
When was it made?
Where was it made?
How was it made?
How can we preserve it for future generations?
