ABSTRACT
Future electrical grids will face several problems potentially limiting their efficiency. In the novel smart grid paradigm, electricity consumers have the ability to produce energy from renewable sources located at their premises (e.g., solar panels and wind turbines, as depicted in Figure 9.1). However, the integration of renewable and decentralized energy sources into the grid is especially challenging due to their inherently intermittent production patterns, which are difficult to predict. As a consequence, large backup capacity (e.g., batteries and storage banks) is required to 224support the sporadic peaks of energy demand and to absorb excess of energy generation during high production periods, resulting in a huge waste of resources during off-peak periods. Example of energy consumer. https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-u.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315214221/b8e2919a-8226-453c-b80b-0424e3c7347d/content/fig9_1.tif"/>
