Southeast Asian government policies toward the ethnic Chinese: a revisit

For the purpose of our discussion, the term “ethnic Chinese” refers to people of Chinese descent including those who have not been completely assimilated into the indigenous population. As such, peranakan Chinese in Indonesia and baba (also known as Straits-born Chinese in the past) in Malaysia are included in our definition. Persons of Chinese descent who have been absorbed into and are accepted as members of the indigenous population are excluded.