ABSTRACT
According to the Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (AR4), Africa is the continent most vulnerable to climate change and climate variability. 1 Climate change and variability affect ecosystems and their productivity through the changing patterns in temperature and precipitation, droughts, floods, heavy winds and other extreme events, representing both new threats for some regions and opportunities for others. In addition, the internationalization of the global economy might also exacerbate stresses associated with climate change depending on the existing local social and economic conditions. 2 Today, climate change represents a new major security threat for the world, and particularly for Africa. 3
