ABSTRACT

In sport, athletes confronted with complex and rapidly changing environments are often required to make critical decisions in high-pressure, temporally constrained scenarios (Williams, 2000). Inherent limitations in reaction time and movement time necessitates that successful athletes must anticipate or predict future events based on limited preparatory information (Hagemann et al., 2006). In order to deal effectively with such constraints, athletes rely on a range of perceptual-cognitive skills. These skills include the ability to recognize advance (i.e. early arising) visual information cues, identify patterns/structure in play and an awareness of likely event probabilities (Causer et al., 2012).