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Basic communication strategies
- Attracting someone’s attention and responding to a call for attention
- Initiating a conversation
- Ending a conversation
- Introducing and developing a topic
- Formal development of a topic
- Being vague or indirect
- Expressing reservation (reluctance)
- Requesting repetition
- Making sure you are understood
- asking how to pronounce or write a word
- aizuchi (listener responses)
- Fillers (hesitation noises)
- Repetition
- ellipsis
- Afterthoughts
- Making corrections
- Using and interpreting pauses and silence
- Gaze
Abstract
Speakers use various set phrases and strategies to begin and keep communication going smoothly. This section introduces some of the most commonly used expressions and strategies in Japanese.
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