Abstract

Smart mobility is a wide area covering both new modes and tools which integrate these modes. Diverse developments (e.g. bike share, intelligent transport systems, real-time passenger information, Mobility as a Service, electric vehicles, connected cars and self-driving vehicles) can be included within the concept. These innovations introduce new actors (e.g. technology companies) as well as new capabilities for operators, authorities and individuals (e.g. digital data and planning tools). Digital innovation is also promoted as a business policy focus for future economic growth. However, there are many factors to account for when governing what can be allowed in different contexts, not least the impact on public transport. Definitions of terms precede an overview of governance, and the challenges posed by some examples of smart mobility precede a discussion of how smart mobility policy choices could shape the future of public transport.