ABSTRACT

In Eastern Iran settlements and graveyards with Bactria-Margiana Archaeological Complex (BMAC)/Greater Khorasan Civilization (GKC) materials were recently found in areas either previously occupied by other cultures/civilizations, or unoccupied. In some regions, the material is entirely BMAC/GKC, in others it is mixed with that of the local population. An actual movement of people is certain, but the relationships were peaceful. The reasons behind this movement are unclear. Some sites can certainly be interpreted as trading outposts, but there are too many to be all considered as such. Considering the area concerned by the BMAC/GKC expansion, the authors relate it with the GKC as known in later periods and prefer to use this term to that of BMAC or Oxus Civilization.