ABSTRACT

This chapter examines natural disasters as a driver of displacement, focusing on those that are caused by acute geophysical, climatological, and meteorological hazards. It addresses both internal and international movements in response to these hazards. The chapter begins with definitions of displacement, focusing on three dimensions that influence how people affected by disasters may be categorised – where movements take place, why they occur, and what is the phase of their displacement. The needs of disaster-displaced persons are then discussed with reference to legal and physical protection as well as access to assistance for health, shelter, food and water, sanitation, and other needs. Needs related to recovery, rehabilitation, and reintegration are also discussed. The chapter then turns to the laws and policies that apply to disaster displacement and the gaps that remain. Recent efforts to improve policy responses are examined next. The chapter concludes with cautious optimism that states are committed to filling the existing gaps and meeting new challenges ahead.