ABSTRACT
Crime is an international challenge. Although patterns of criminal conduct and societal responses vary tremendously, every community in every land has some degree of concern about the risk and impact of murder, rape, robbery, assault, theft, financial crimes, and so on. True, crimes that are well known in some communities are unfamiliar in others. For example, white collar crimes involving fraudulent hedge funds are a distinct possibility in Western nations with complex banking and investment industries in ways they are not in non-industrialized communities in remote parts of the world that do not have this financial apparatus. But most serious crimes are familiar to most nations and communities.
